Durlston Country Park
Durlston Country Park
is a 1.13 square kilometre (280-
acre
)
nature reserve
stretched along the
Purbeck
coast
near
Swanage
in
Dorset
,
England
. The park, which is part of the
Jurassic Coast
world heritage site
, has been owned by Dorset
county council
since the early
1970s
and is mostly open access. The park has a mosaic of
habitats
hosting a wide
range of species
being largely free from
agricultural
use for centuries. The park has
site of special scientific interest
status which grants it a small amount of government protection. The underlying
rock
is
limestone
so the majority of the park is
calcareous grassland
, probably created about 1000 years ago by clearing of
oak
forest
, hosting a range of wild
flower
species
and associated
animals
such as
butterflies
. The grassland is maintained at a
plagioclimax
by a large
population
of grazing
rabbits
which prevent the growth of
scrub
and
trees
. The park is on a
peninsula
on the south coast of the
British Isles
and is first landfall for many
migratory birds
. In the
19th
and
20th
centuries Purbeck was
quarried
for its high-quality limestone. There were few
open-cast
quarries, and none in Durlston, but there are many mine shafts across the landscape, notably
Tilly-Whim Caves
in a dry
glacial
meltwater valley. In the 19th century
George Burt
built a small
castle
in the park on the hill above Swanage. Burt also commisioned a 40-
ton
limestone
Globe
engraved with an
1880s
world map. Following the
Great Fire of London
the ruined city was rebuilt with Purbeck and Portland limestone (both found in Durlston). The footpaths around the castle and globe are lined with
cast iron
London bollards which were left in Swanage having been used as ballast by the ships transporting the stone to London.
External links
http://www.durlston.co.uk/
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