Crafoord Prize
The
Crafoord Prize
was established by
Holger Crafoord
, the inventor of the
artificial kidney
and his wife Anna-Greta Crafoord in
1980
. Administered by the the
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
, the aim of the prize is to promote basic research in
mathematics
,
geoscience
,
bioscience
(particularly in relation to
ecology
and
evolution
),
astronomy
, and
polyarthritis
. Only one award is given each year. The prize is currently $500,000 US and is intended to fund further research by the prize winner. The prize is named after
Holger Crafoord
(
1908
-
1982
), a Swedish industrialist who donated the initial funds for the prize. List of the Crafoord Prize winners:
1982 Mathematics:
V. I. Arnold
and
L. Nirenberg
1983 Geoscience:
E. N. Lorenz
1984 Bioscience:
Daniel H. Janzen
1985 Astronomy:
L. Spitzer
, Jr.
1986 Geoscience:
C. J. Allegre
and G. J. Wasserburg
1987 Bioscience: E. P. and H. T. Odum
1988 Mathematics:
P. Deligne
and
A. Grothendieck
1989 Astronomy:
J. Van Allen
1990 Bioscience:
P. R. Ehrlich
and
E. O. Wilson
1991 Astronomy:
A. R. Sandage
1992 Bioscience: A. Seilacher
1993 Bioscience:
W. D. Hamilton
and
Seymour Benzer
1994 Mathematics:
S. Donaldson
and
S-T. Yau
1995 Geoscience:
Willi Dansgaard
and
N. Shackleton
1996 Bioscience:
Robert May
1997 Astronomy:
F. Hoyle
and
E. E. Salpeter
1998 Geoscience: D. L. Anderson and A. M. Dziewonski
1999 Bioscience:
E. Mayr
,
J. Maynard Smith
, and
G. C. Wiliams
2000 Bioscience: M. Feldmann and R. N. Maini
2001 Mathematics:
A. Connes
2002 Geoscience: D. P. McKenzie
2003 Bioscience:
C. R. Woese
2004 Polyarthritis:
Eugene Butcher
and
Timothy Springer
2005 Astronomy:
James Gunn
,
James Peebles
, and
Martin Rees
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