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Contra BassThe contrabass is the lowest-pitched instrument in the drum & bugle corps hornline. It is to a drum corps what a sousaphone is to a marching band: essentially a tuba converted for ease of marching. It is different from the other members of the drum corps hornline in that it rests on the shoulder of the player, rather than being held in front of the body. The first contrabass was developed in the 1960s by Whaley Royce, an instrument manufacturer who produced bugles for many drum corps of that era. It was the first bugle to have no predecessor of its kind with no valves; the first contra to debut had the valve configuration legal at that time, one horizontal piston valve and one rotor valve. Today contras can be seen with three or four valves, as are common on tubas. They are also generally larger in modern times, although improved materials available in building instruments allows them to be made strong and relatively light, compared to some older models. Other uses of the term Tubas pitched in BB-flat and CC are referred to as contrabass tubas (whereas tubas in F and E-flat are called bass tubas). The string bass is also called the contrabass on occasion, often in German music (kontrabass). There is also a contrabass trombone and saxophone, although both are relatively rare instruments.
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