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Chinese Student Protection Act Of 1992The Chinese Student Protection Act of 1992 (CSPA) was a bill sponsored by Nancy Pelosi which granted permanent residency to all nationals of the People's Republic of China arriving in the United States on or before April 11, 1990. It made permanent a temporary ban on deporting Chinese national in the US that had been created by President George H.W. Bush in 1990, Executive Order 12711. The stated purpose of the CSPA was to prevent political persecution of Chinese students in the aftermath of the Tiananmen protests of 1989. One provision of the act was that a permanent residency status granted to a Chinese national under the act would subtract from the immigration spaces available in later years. Though targeted at students with expiring visas, the CSPA covered even Chinese nationals that had entered illegally. The main source of illegal aliens from China at the time was smuggling gangs known as Snakeheads from the Fujian. Those gangs have smuggled unskilled labor into New Zealand, Japan, other Pacific Rim nations for some decades. See also Chinatown: Smuggling_of_immigrants.
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