Binswanger's Disease
Binswanger's disease
is a rare form of
multi-infarct dementia
caused by damage to deep
white brain matter
. It is characterized by loss of memory and intellectual function and by changes in mood. Binswanger's disease is one of the
neurological
syndromes associated with
hypertension
. It is uncommon, but obviously devastating. The
histologic
findings are diffuse, irregular loss of
axons
and
myelin
accompanied by widespread
gliosis
. Small
infarcts
may be seen in the
frontal lobes
. The
pathologic
mechanism may be damage caused by severe
atherosclerosis
. A patient with long term severe hypertension develops progressive
dementia
.
CT scans
of the head demonstrate a diffuse loss of deep hemispheric white matter.
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