bialystok

Other Definitions
bialystok (dest)

Białystok (pronounce: [bȋa:wistɔk]) (Belarusian name is Biełastok (bȋe:lastók)) is the largest city (pop. 291,300 in 2004) in north-eastern Poland and the capital of Podlasie Voivodship since 1999, previously of Bialystok Voivodship (1921-1998). Białystok is located in north-eastern Poland near the border with Belarus; it is the largest city and the historical capital of the Podlasie region.

History

Białystok's history started in the 15th century when Raczko-Tabutowicz received the area of forests at the Biała River. The Wiesiołowski family was another owner of this land. They built abrick castle and a church here. Jan Klemens Branicki, a commander in chief, became the heir of the Białystok area. It was he who transformed the previously existing abode into the magnificent residence of a great noble. Several artists and scientists came to Białystok to take advantage of Branicki's patronage. Bialystok received its city charter in 1749. After the Third Partition of Poland in 1795 it first belonged to the Prussian Kingdom, then after the Peace of Tilsit signed in 1807 it passed to Russia. During the 19th century the city became a major centre of textile industry. Due to an industrial boom the population grew from 13,787 in 1857, and 56,629 in 1889, to 65,781 in 1901. In this period the majority of the city's population was Jewish. After the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, first heavy bombing of the town took place on 20 April 1915. On 13 August 1915 German soldiers appeared in Białystok. On February 19, 1919 the city was liberated from German occupation. During 1920, when overrun by Soviet forces during the Polish-Soviet War, it briefly served as headquarters of a Soviet-sponsored communist government of Poland. In the years 1920-1939 the city was again part of independent Poland.

In September 1939, Białystok was occupied by the German army, then by the Red Army. On June 27, 1941, Białystok again fell into German hands, as a result of the invasion of the Soviet Union. From the very beginning, the Germans pursued a ruthless policy of pillage and extermination of the non-German population. The numerous Jewish population, some 50-60 thousand, were confined in a Ghetto, which during August 1941 was exterminated. On 24 July 1941 German troops locked over 3,000 Jews within the Great Synagogue (the largest wooden synagogue in Eastern Europe) and burned it down. A number of anti-fascist groups came into existence in Białystok during the first weeks of the occupation. In the following years, there developed a well-organized resistance movement.

In the last year of the occupation, a clandestine upper Commercial School came into existence. The pupils of the school also took part in the underground resistance movement. As a result, some of them were jailed, some killed and others deported to concentration camps.

Events

1920: An attempt to declare the Polish Soviet Socialist Republic by Polish Provisional Revolutionary Committee headed by Julian Marchlewski.

Education

Bialystok University (Uniwersytet w Białymstoku)
Bialystok Technical University (Politechnika Białostocka)
Medical University of Bialystok (Akademia Medyczna w Białymstoku)
School of Public Administration in Bialystok (Wyższa Szkoła Administracji Publicznej)
Bialystok Institute of Cosmetology (Wyższa Szkoła Kosmetologii w Białymstoku)
Academy of Economics in Bialystok (Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna w Białymstoku)
Academy of Finance and Management in Bialystok (Wyższa Szkoła Finansw i Zarządzania w Białymstoku)
Musical Academy in Bialystok (Akademia Muzyczna w Białymstoku) http://chopin.man.bialystok.pl
Akademia Teatralna http://puppet.man.bialystok.pl
Archidiecezjalne wyższe Seminarium Duchowne http://www.awsd.bialystok.pl
Instytut Nauk Politycznych (Filia w Białymstoku) http://www.wsd.com.pl/moduly/artykuly/index.php
Wyższa Szkoła Matematyki i Informatyki Użytkowej http://www.wsmiiu.man.bialystok.pl
Nauczycielskie Kolegium Rewalidacji i Resocjalizacji http://www.nkrr.bialystok.pl
Niepaństwowa Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna http://www.nwsp.bialystok.pl
Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarowania Nieruchomościami (Filia w Białymstoku) http://www.wsgn.pl
Papieski Wydział Teologiczny (Studium Teologii)
Wyższa Szkoła Menedżerska http://www.wsm.pl
Niepubliczne Nauczycielskie Kolegium Językw Obcych
Nauczycielskie Kolegium Językw Obcych "Inter - Lingua" http://www.nkjo.bialystok.pl

Famous people

Birthplace for

Boris Kaufman
Dziga Vertov (Kaufman) - A Soviet documentary film and newsreel director.
Maxim Litvinov (Wallach-Finkelstein)
Meyer Meisler - The second fastest paperhanger in New York.
Albert Sabin - Polio Vaccine.
Izabella Scorupco (Skorupko) - Actress.
L. L. Zamenhof - The creator of Esperanto.

Politics

Bialystok constituency

Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Bialystok constituency

Edmund Borawski, PSL
Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, SLD-UP
Ciruk Barbara, SLD-UP
Czerniawski Mieczysław, SLD-UP
Czuż Aleksander, SLD-UP
Czykwin Eugeniusz, SLD-UP
Fedorowicz Andrzej, LPR
Jurgiel Krzysztof, PiS
Kamiński Michał, PiS
Krutul Piotr, LPR
Laskowski Jzef, Samoobrona
Mioduszewski Jzef, PSL
Wiśniowska Genowefa, Samoobrona
Zagrski Marek, PO
Zaworski Jan, SLD-UP
Zieliński Jarosław, PiS

Municipal politics

to be written yet

Administrative division

The City of Białystok is divided into 27 districts:

Centrum Białostoczek Sienkiewicza Bojary Piaski Przydworcowe Młodych Antoniuk Jaroszwka Wygoda Piasta I Piasta II Skorupy Mickiewicza Dojlidy Bema Kawaleryjskie Nowe Miasto Zielone Wzgrza Starosielce Słoneczny Stok Leśna Dolina Wysoki Stoczek Dziesięciny I Dziesięciny II Bacieczki Zawady

Monuments

In memory of victims of the Polish-Bolshevik war - Picture
"42nd Infantry Regiment" of Jan Henryk Dabrowski monument - Picture
Armia Krajowa monument - Picture
In memory of heroes from Bialystok Land in WWII - Picture
Jadwiga Dziekońska (soldier of Armia Krajowa) monument - Picture
In memory of murdered Poles in Katyn - Picture
Marshal Jozef Pilsudski monument - Picture
Jerzy Popieluszko monument - Picture
Polish Army in western Europe (during WWII) monument - Picture
Solidarnosc monument - Picture
In memory of Poles deported to Siberia - Picture
In memory of murdered Jews in the Great Synagogue (WWII) - Picture
In memory of victims of the Ghetto uprising in Bialystok - Picture
Defenders of Bialystok monument (WWII) - Picture
Ludwik Zamenhof monument - Picture

Historical population

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align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|Woman	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|90153	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|93336	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|96420	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|99221	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|102350	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|105475	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|108320	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|111646	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|113002	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|116627	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|119465	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|122475	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|125399	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|127752	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|130137	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|132801	align="center" style="background:#FFFFF0"\|135157
align="left" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|Overall	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|168043	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|173905	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|179663	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|184612	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|190153	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|195861	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|201395	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|207416	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|212011	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|218760	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|224187	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|229651	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|235426	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|240304	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|245429	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|250817	align="center" style="background:#EEEEE0"\|255693

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Sports

Hetman Bialystok
Jagiellonia Bialystok - football team (2nd league 2003/2004)

Bialystok