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Battle Of Gaines' MillThe Battle of Gaines' Mill, also known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of Chickahominy River, took place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, as part of the Peninsula Campaign of the American Civil War. Gaines' Mill was the third of the Seven Days Battles. On June 27, 1862, Gen. Robert E. Lee renewed his attacks against Fitz John Porter's V Corps, which had established a strong defensive line behind Boatswains Swamp north of the Chickahominy River. Porters reinforced V Corps held fast for the afternoon against disjointed Confederate attacks, inflicting heavy casualties. At dusk, the Confederates finally mounted a coordinated assault that broke Porters line and drove his soldiers back toward the river. This assault was conducted by the largest number of Confederate soldiers of any battle in the war. The Federals retreated across the river during the night. Defeat at Gaines Mill convinced George B. McClellan to abandon his advance on Richmond and begin the retreat to the James River. Gaines Mill saved Richmond for the Confederacy in 1862. References Gaines' Mill
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