Alouette 1
Alouette 1
, was launched by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) from the
Pacific Missile Range
in
California
at 6:05am on
September 29
,
1962
, making
Canada
the third country to put a satellite in Earth's orbit (in what is called the
ionosphere
). It was launched 5 years after the
U.S.S.R.
(now the
Russian Federation
) launched its satellite
Sputnik 1
in
1957
and 4 years after the American satellite
Explorer 1
was launched in
1958
. Alouette, was used to study the
ionosphere
, an area of the upper atmosphere where many future
satellites
would be placed in orbit. Alouette's mission was a complete success and the Canadian director,
John Herbert Chapman
, achieved a modicum of success. The satellite was built in a pair so that if the first one broke they could launch the backup in just a couple of months. It took 3 years after Alouette's proposal to have it developed and built. When completed Alouette weighed 145kg.
Alouette
was launched from a
Thor-Agena B
two-stage
rocket
. Alouette 1's backup was later launched as
Alouette 2
in
1965
to 'replace' the older Alouette 1. The name "Alouette" came from the
French
for "
skylark
" and from the title of a popular French-Canadian folk song.
External Links:
CSA Allouette Site
Canada's Digital Collections government website - About Alouette
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