4Th Millennium Bc

Events

• City of Ur in Mesopotamia (40th century BC).
• Naqada culture on the Nile, 4000–3000 BC.
• Civilization of Crete (38th century BC).
• Epoch of the modern Hebrew Calendar occurred on 7 October 3761 BC.
• Jewish chronology dates creation to 25 September or March 29 3760 BC.
• Civilization of Sumeria, cities-state (36th century BC).
• First to Fourth dynasty of Kish in Mesopotamia.
• The Maya calendar dates the creation of the Earth to August 11 or August 13, 3114 BC (establishing that date as day zero of the Long Count 13.0.0.0.0).
• Epoch of the Kali Yuga occurred at the midnight beginning of 18 February 3102 BC, the traditional death of Krishna (Hindu mythology).

Cultures

• Sumer
• Yamna
• Vinca culture

Environmental changes

• The climate was altered suddenly with severe impacts.
• Plants buried in the Quelccaya ice cap in the Peruvian Andes demonstrate the climate had shifted suddenly and severely to capture the plants and preserve them until now.
• A man trapped in an Alpine glacier ("Oetzi") is frozen until his discovery in 1991.
• Tree rings from Ireland and England show this was their driest period.
• Ice core records showing the ratio of two oxygen isotopes retrieved from the ice fields atop Africas Mount Kilimanjaro, a proxy for atmospheric temperature at the time snow fell.
• Major changes in plant pollen uncovered from lakebed cores in South America.
• Record lowest levels of methane retrieved from ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica.
• Beginning of desertification of Sahara (35th century BC). The shift by the Sahara Desert from a habitable region to a barren desert.

Significant persons

• Ur-Nina first king of Lagash (ca. 34th century), the earliest historical person known by name.
• tzi the Iceman lived c.3300 BC.

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

• The belief that heads of state represented God on Earth began.
• Beginnings of urbanisation in Mesopotamia with the Sumerians.
• First cities in Egypt (35th century BC).
• First writings in the cities of Uruk and Susa (cuneiform writings). Hieroglyphs in Egypt.
• Kurgan culture of what is now southern Russia and Ukraine domesticates the horse and develops the chariot.
• Potter's wheel used in Middle East.
• Sails used in the Nile.

Cultural landmarks

Centuries

• 40th century BC
• 39th century BC
• 38th century BC
• 37th century BC
• 36th century BC
• 35th century BC
• 34th century BC
• 33rd century BC
• 32nd century BC
• 31st century BC

External references

• 3200 BC Climate Change

<< Previous Word Browser Next >>
999 850 851 852 853 854 856 858 859 american airlines flight 587 1014	861 860 863 865 866 868 869 979 1072 1050s 1st millennium	2nd millennium 1st millennium bc 2nd millennium bc 3rd millennium bc 5th millennium bc 1710 1 e9 m 1 e10 m 1 e11 m 1 e13 m 1 e12 m	1 e7 m 1 e8 m 1 e14 m 1 e15 m 1 e16 m 1 e17 m 1 e18 m 1 e19 m 1 e20 m 1 e6 m 1 e4 m