407 etr

  407 ETR International

Highway 407, officially called 407 ETR, is a pay-per-use freeway located in south-central Ontario's Greater Toronto Area. It begins at the junction of the Queen Elizabeth Way and Highway 403 in Burlington (just outside Hamilton) and travels 108 km across the surrounding cities of Toronto to end at Highway 7 and Brock Road (Durham Regional Road 1) in Pickering. Originally planned as a public-private partnership in road building, the highway was sold by the Province of Ontario to private owners for a 99 year lease to be returned to public ownership at the end of the lease. The completed highway cost about $1.6 billion in 1997 and the 407 ETR bought it in 1999 for $3.1 billion. The current road is 108.081 kilometres in length, stretching from Burlington to Pickering. Plans are currently underway to extend the highway further east through Durham Region, eventually ending at the junction of Highway 35 in Orono. It has also been suggested that the Highway 115 designation will be retired in favor of Highway 407 between Orono and Peterborough, as that section is already up to 400-series standards and the RIRO section south to Highway 401 is multiplexed with Highway 35. Highway 407 is seen as a bypass of Highway 401, the main trunk route though Southern Ontario and the world's busiest highway with well over 500,000 average daily trips on a section between Highway 427 and Highway 404. Major freeway junctions are located at (from West to East) the Queen Elizabeth Way, Highway 403, Highway 401, Highway 410, Highway 427, Highway 400 and Highway 404. Other major street junctions include Bronte Road (Halton Regional Road 25), Hurontario Street, Highway 27, Yonge Street and Markham Road (Highway 48). Overall there are 40 different junctions on Highway 407 connecting the toll road with the main transportation network in the Greater Toronto Area.

Unique characteristics

The 407 uses a system of cameras and transponders to toll people automatically. There are no toll booths. A radio antenna detects when a vehicle with a transponder has entered and exited the highway, calculating the toll rate. For vehicles without a transponder, an automatic number plate recognition system is used. Monthly statements are mailed to users. The name Express Toll Route (ETR) is used since there are no toll boths to stop at. The ETR is the world's first highway to feature this system throughout. The 407 is not a government-controlled highway, though it does operate under a mostly secret contract from the government. A 99-year lease to the highway was sold by the provincial government to 407 ETR International Inc. for approximately 3.1 billion Canadian dollars in 1999. Highway 407 is believed to be the first financially successful privately-owned toll road in North America.

Future of the 407

Recently, the Ontario provincial government has quarrelled with 407 ETR over toll rates and customer service. On February 2 2004, the government delivered notice to 407 ETR that they are considered to be in default of their contract because of 407 ETR's decision to raise toll rates without first obtaining the government's permission. The court's initial decision sided with 407 ETR: on July 10 2004, an independent arbitrator affirmed that 407 ETR has the ability to raise toll rates without first consulting the government. The government filed an appeal of this decision but was overruled by a Ontario Superior Court decision released on January 6 2005.

Cost of the 407

Current tolls run 13.1 cents per kilometer for cars and light trucks during off-peak times and 13.95 cents per kilometer for cars and light trucks during peak times. If a vehicle does not have a transponder, an additional $3.35 is charged per trip. This fee is in addition to a $2 Account Fee each month the 407 ETR is used. For transponder accounts, there is a monthly $1 Account Fee and $1 Lease Payment per transponder. This makes the 407 the most expensive toll road in North America, despite claims made otherwise by the owners of the 407. Because of a Ontario Superior Court ruling issued on January 6 2005, tolls of cars and other light vehicles will increase by one cent per kilometre to 14.95 cents during peak hours and 14.1 cents during off-peak hours.

Interchanges from East to West

idth="33%"\|Municipality	width="12%"\|Exit Number	width="55%"\|Intersecting Roads
a href="/encyclopedia/Burlington,-Ontario" title="Burlington, Ontario">Burlington	1	Highway 403 and Queen Elizabeth Way
urlington	5	Dundas Street (Halton Road 5)
urlington	9	Appleby Line
a href="/encyclopedia/Oakville,-Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville	13	Bronte Road (Halton Road 25)
akville	18	Neyagawa Boulevard
akville	21	Trafalgar Road (Halton Road 3)
akville - Milton - Mississauga Corner Boundary	24	Highway 403
ilton - Mississauga Boundary	28	Brittania Road (Halton and Peel Road 6)
ilton - Mississauga Boundary	31	Derry Road (Halton Road 7 and Peel Road 5)
a href="/encyclopedia/Halton-Hills,-Ontario" title="Halton Hills, Ontario">Halton Hills - Milton - Mississauga Corner Boundary	34	Highway 401
a href="/encyclopedia/Brampton,-Ontario" title="Brampton, Ontario">Brampton - Mississauga Boundary	39	Mississauga Road (Peel Road 1)
rampton	42	Mavis Road
rampton	44	Hurontario Street
rampton	46	Highway 410
rampton	48	Dixie Road (Peel Road 1)
rampton	50	Bramalea Road (westbound only)
rampton	53	Airport Road (Peel Road 7)
rampton	54	Goreway Drive (westbound only)
a href="/encyclopedia/Vaughan,-Ontario" title="Vaughan, Ontario">Vaughan	58	Highway 427
aughan	59	'Highway 27' (York Road 27)
aughan	63	Pine Valley Drive (York Road 57)
aughan	65	Weston Road (York Road 56) (eastbound only)
aughan	66	Highway 400
aughan	67	Jane Street (York Road 55)
aughan	69	Keele Street (York Road 6)
aughan	73	Dufferin Street (York Road 53)
aughan	75	Bathurst Street (York Road 38)
aughan - Richmond Hill - Markham Corner Boundary	77	Yonge Street (York Road 1)
ichmond Hill - Markham Boundary	79	Bayview Avenue (York Road 34)
arkham	81	Leslie Street (York Road 12) (eastbound only)
arkham	83	Highway 404
arkham	84	Woodbine Avenue (York Road 8)
arkham	86	Warden Avenue (York Road 65)
arkham	88	Kennedy Road (York Road 3)
arkham	90	McCowan Road (York Road 67)
arkham	92	Markham Road (Highway 48/York Road 68)
arkham	94	Ninth Line (York Road 69)
arkham	96	Markham Bypass (York Road 48)
arkham - Pickering Boundary	98	York-Durham Line (York Road 30)
ickering	100*	North Road (future interchange)
ickering	102*	Pickering Airport Connector (future interchange)
ickering	103*	Sideline 24 (future interchange)
ickering	106*	Brock Road (Durham Road 1) (currently an at-grade intersection)
ickering	108*	Highway 7 (currently an at-grade intersection)

*Exit number not posted (or future interchange), based on kilometre post.

Possible 407 East Interchanges from East to West (exit numbers assumed)

idth="33%"\|Municipality	width="12%"\|Exit Number	width="55%"\|Intersecting Roads
ickering	110	Westney Road (Durham Road 31)
ickering	112	407-401 Durham West Connector (proposed freeway)
ickering - Whitby Boundary	114	Lakeridge Road (Durham Road 23)
hitby	119	Highway 12/Brock Street (Durham Regional Highway 12)
hitby	120	Thickson Road (Durham Road 26)
a href="/encyclopedia/Oshawa,-Ontario" title="Oshawa, Ontario">Oshawa	122	Thornton Road
shawa	124	Simcoe Street (Durham Road 2)
shawa	127	Harmony Road (Durham Road 33)
a href="/encyclopedia/Clarington,-Ontario" title="Clarington, Ontario">Clarington	131	Enfield Road (Durham Road 34)
larington	133	407-401 Durham East Connector (proposed freeway)
larington	137	Durham Road 57
larington	139	Liberty Street (Durham Road 14)
larington	145	Mosport Road
larington	150	Highway 35/115
larington - Kawartha Lakes Boundary	152	Boundary Road
awartha Lakes	157	Porter Road (Kawartha Lakes Road 32)
a href="/encyclopedia/Cavan-Millbrook-North-Monaghan,-Ontario" title="Cavan-Millbrook-North Monaghan, Ontario">Cavan-Millbrook-North Monaghan	164	Tapley Quarter Line
avan-Millbrook-North Monaghan	168	Peterborough County Road 10
avan-Millbrook-North Monaghan	170	Highway 7A/Moore Drive
avan-Millbrook-North Monaghan	175	Highway 7 West/Peterborough County Road 28
avan-Millbrook-North Monaghan	179	Airport Road (Peterborough County Road 11)
a href="/encyclopedia/Peterborough,-Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough	181	Sir Sandford Fleming Drive (Peterborough County Road 15)/The Parkway
eterborough	184	Bensfort Road/River Road
eterborough	186	Ashburnham Drive
eterborough	187	Highway 7 East/Lansdowne Street/Television Road (Peterborough County Road 35)

From Exit 150 to the end, current Highway 115 interchanges are used based on suggestions of a renumbering, they are not currently numbered.

External links

407

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