1994 In Science

Astronomy and space exploration

• July 16-July 22 - The fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact the planet Jupiter
• October 12 - NASA loses contact with the Magellan spacecraft after a successful mission. The probe crashed into Venus shortly after.

Archaeology

• March 31 - The journal Nature reports the finding in Ethiopia of the first complete Australopithecus afarensis skull (see Human evolution).

Physics

• April 23 - Physicists at Fermilab observe the top quark.

Technology

• May 6 - The Channel Tunnel, which took 15,000 workers over seven years to complete, opens between England and France. Travelers can now travel between the two countries in 35 minutes.

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
• Physics - Bertram N. Brockhouse, Clifford G. Shull
• Chemistry - George A. Olah
• Medicine - Alfred G. Gilman, Martin Rodbell
• Turing Award - Edward Feigenbaum, Raj Reddy
• Wollaston Medal for Geology - William Jason Morgan

Births

Deaths

• January 25 - Stephen Cole Kleene (b. 1909), mathematician.
• July 29 - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (b. 1910), chemist.
• August 19 - Linus Pauling (b. 1901), American chemist.

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