1985 In Aviation

Events

• Ryanair founded initially as a full-service carrier.

• TWA is the first airline to operate a twin-engine jet on scheduled trans-atlantic services, with the Boeing 767
• February 19 - an Iberia Boeing 727 crashes in Bilbao, killing 148. The plane got tangled with some television equipment as it tried to land.
• February 20 - a China Airlines Boeing 747 miraculously survives the shut down of all four engines and a 30,000-foot (9,146 m) plunge over the Pacific Ocean. The problem was caused by volcanic ash ingested by the engines.

• March 15 - American Eagle Airlines, a commuter subsidiary of American Airlines, begins service.

• April 22 - Pan Am reaches a deal with United Airlines, which buys Pan Am's Pacific Ocean routes for $US 750 million.
• April 24 - LOT Polish Airlines inaugurates flights to JFK International Airport in New York.

• June 15 - Amal guerrilla gunmen hijack a TWA Boeing 727 en route from Rome to Athens. The plane, which includes some Jewish passengers, is then re-routed and taken to Algiers, Beirut, and Algiers again before setting in Beirut. The 39 passengers and crew are freed on July 1 after Israel agrees to free 700 Shiite prisoners.
• June 23 - an Air India Boeing 747 explodes off the Irish coast, killing all passengers. A terrorist bomb is suspected, but never confirmed.

• August 2 - a Delta Airlines Lockheed TriStar crashes within inches of the runway at Dallas-Ft. Worth International Airport, exploding and killing 133 persons, including a car driver who had been struck by the plane just before it exploded.
• August 12 - Japan Airlines flight 123, from Tokyo to Osaka, crashes. The Boeing 747 had an explosion, then hit Mount Otsuka, killing 520 of 524 people on board. Rescuers are later shocked and saddened to find farewell notes that the passengers had written for their family and friends, next to the bodies. As of 2004 this is still the worst single-aircraft air disaster
• August 21 - Sir Freddie Laker accepts a UK 8 million in a settlement with British Airways. Laker had sued twelve airlines for conspiring to drive Laker Airways out of business
• August 22 - a Boeing 737 of British Airtours explodes in Manchester before taking off, killing 54 of the 134 people on board and punctuating commercial aviation's worst month in history.
• August 26 - TWA is purchased by Carl Icahn and associates

• November 18 - Cessna is purchased by General Dynamics
• November 23 - an Egyptair jet is hijacked after take-off from Athens, and comandeered to Cairo. The next day, Egyptian forces storm the plane that was hijacked, starting a gun battle with the hijackers. 60 people die in the cross-fire

• December 12 - a McDonnell Douglas DC-8 of charter airline Arrow Air crashes while taking 250 soldiers back to the United States for Christmas, killing everyone on board. See: Arrow Air Flight 1285

First flights

• February 3 - Atlas Alpha XH-1
• February 12 - Valmet L-90 Redigo prototype OH-VBB

• March 11 - ARV Super 2

• July 29 - Kawasaki T-4

• August 30 - Bell D-292

• October 15 - Fairchild Republic T-46

Entered service

• December 3 - ATR-42 with Air Littoral

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