1975 In Science

Astronomy and space exploration

• August 20 - Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.

Biology

• August 7 - Csar Milstein and Georges Khler report their discovery of how to use hybridoma cells to isolate monoclonal antibodies, effectively beginning the history of monoclonal antibody use in science

Computer science

• January - Altair 8800 is released, sparking the era of the microcomputer
• July 17 - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
• Physics Aage Niels Bohr, Ben Roy Mottelson, James Rainwater
• Chemistry - John Warcup Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog
• Medicine - David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco, Howard Martin Temin
• Turing Award - Allen Newell, Herbert Simon

Births

Deaths

• February 14 - Julian Huxley (b. 1887), British biologist and author.

References

1. Reference: Kohler, G.; Milstein, C. (1975). Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256(5517), 495-497. PMID 1172191
2. Reference: Waldman, Thomas A. (2003). Immunotherapy: past, present and future. Nature Medicine 9, 269-277.

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