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1923 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January-June July-September - July 6 - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics established
- July 20 - Pancho Villa assassinated
- July 24 - The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War
- August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (1921 - 1923) dies in office and is succeeded by Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929).
- August 13 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport
- August 13 - Gustav Stresemann is named chancellor and founds a coalition government in Weimar Republic Germany
- September 1 - Great Kanto earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama killing 142.807 people
- September 4 - In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the "USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time
- September 6 - Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation of murder of an Italian officer. League of Nations protests and they leave September 29
- September 8 - Honda Point Disaster: Seven US Navy destroyers ran aground off the California coast.
- September 13 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over
- September 18-26 - Newspaper printers strike in New York
- September 26 - In Bayern, Gustav von Kuhr declares independence from Berlin
October-December unknown dates Year in topic Births January-February - January 1 - Romo Sabourin, SOE agent (d. 1944)
- January 7 - Pinkas Braun, actor and film director
- January 5 - Sam Phillips, country music producer (d. 2003)
- January 6 - Jacobo Timerman, writer (d. 1999)
- January 10 - Ingeborg Drewitz, writer (d. 1986)
- January 11 - Jacqueline Maillan, French actress
- January 16 - Anthony Hecht, poet
- January 19 - Jean Stapleton, actress
- January 25 - Arvid Carlsson, Nobel Prize winning scientist
- January 26 - Anne Jeffreys, actress
- January 29 - Paddy Chayefsky, writer (d. 1981)
- January 31 - Norman Mailer, writer and journalist
- February 2 - James Dickey, poet, author (d. 1997)
- February 2 - Liz Smith, gossip columnist
- February 9 - Brendan Behan, author (d. 1964)
- February 11 - Ronald Arculus, British diplomat
- February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian director
- February 13 - Chuck Yeager, pilot
- February 27 - Dexter Gordon, jazz saxophone player (d. 1990)
March-April - March 1 - Kuczka Pter, Hungarian writer, poet and Science Fiction editor († 1999)
- March 6 - Ed McMahon, television personality
- March 6 - Jrgen von Manger, cabaretist (d. 1994)
- March 8 - Walter Jens, writer
- March 9 - Walter Kohn, physicist, winner 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- March 12 - Wally Schirra, astronaut
- March 13 - Jose Mojica Marins, movie director
- March 21 - Shri Mataji Nirmala Shrivastava, the founder of Sahaja Yoga
- March 22 - Marcel Marceau, mime
- March 24 - Kermit Schafer, humorist (d. 1979)
- March 26 - Bob Elliott, comedian
- March 27 - Louis Simpson, poet
- March 30 - Milton Acorn, Canadian poet, writer, and playwright
- April 2 - G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician
- April 20 - Mother Angelica, founder of Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) Catholic cable TV channel
- April 22 - Bettie Page, pinup model
- April 22 - Aaron Spelling, television producer, writer
- April 23 - Dolph Briscoe, former governor of Texas
May-August - May 1 - Joseph Heller, novelist (d. 1999)
- May 2 - Patrick Hillery, sixth President of Ireland
- May 3 - Ralph Hall, American politician
- May 7 - Anne Baxter, actress (d. 1985)
- May 13 - Bea Arthur, actress
- May 15 - John Lanchbery, English ballet composer (d. 2003)
- May 21 - Ara Parseghian, American football coach
- May 21 - Dorothy Hewett, writer (d. 2002)
- May 27 - Henry Kissinger, American diplomat and recipient of the Nobel Prize in peace 1973
- May 28 - Gyrgy Ligeti, composer
- May 31 - Prince Rainer III of Monaco
- July 2 - Wislawa Szymborska, Polish poetess, the Nobel Prize in Literature laureate in 1996
- July 4 - Rudolf Friedrich, member of the Swiss Federal Council
- July 8 - Harrison Dillard, American athlete
- July 22 - Robert Joseph Dole, United States Republican Party Presidential candidate
- July 22 - Mukesh, singer
- July 23 - Witto Aloma, Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
- August 20 - Jim Reeves, singer
- August 24 - Arthur Jensen, educational psychologist
- August 26 - Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor and pianist
September-December - September 1 - Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, businessman, art collector
- September 3 - Mort Walker, American cartoonist (Beetle Bailey)
- September 6 - King Peter II of Yugoslavia
- September 9 - Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, Virologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate in 1976
- September 11 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Hindu guru
- September 17 - Hank Williams, American country musician
- September 22 - Dannie Abse, Welsh poet
- October 5 - Glynis Johns, British actress
- October 23 - Frank Sutton, American actor
- November 1 - Victoria de los Angeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005)
- November 20 - Nadine Gordimer, South African writer
- November 22 - Arthur Hiller, film director
- November 25 - Mauno Koivisto, former President of Finland
- December 2 - Maria Callas, opera diva (d. 1977)
- December 12 - Bob Barker, US game show host
- December 13 - Larry Doby, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 2003)
- December 13 – Antoni Tpies, Spanish abstract expressionist painter
- December 14 - Gerard Reve, Dutch writer
- December 23 - Claudio Scimone, Italian conductor
- December 23 - James Stockdale, United States Navy admiral
- December 25 - Sonia Olschanezky, World War II heroine executed by the Nazis (d. 1944)
Deaths - January 23 - Max Nordau, author, philosopher and Zionist leader (* 1849)
- February 10 - Wilhelm Rntgen, physicist, discoverer of X-rays, Nobel laureate
- February 23 - Thophile Delcass, French statesman (b. 1852)
- March 26 - Sarah Bernhardt, French actress
- March 27 - Sir James Dewar, chemist
- June 9 - Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria, aunt of King George V
- December 12 - Raymond Radiguet, French author
- December 13 - Thophile Steinlen, Swiss/French painter
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