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1857 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). Events Births - January 4 - mile Courtet (later known as mile Cohl), French caricaturist and animator.
- February 12 - Bobby Peel, Yorkshire left-arm spinner and leading bowler of 1880s and 1890s (d. 1943).
- February 22 - Lord Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Scouting youth movement (†1941)
- February 22 - Heinrich Hertz, physicist
- March 8 - Ruggiero Leoncavallo, composer († 1919)
- March 30 - Leon Charles Thevenin, French telegraph engineer (d. 1926)
- April 5 - Alexander of Battenberg, first prince of Bulgaria
- May 7 - William A. MacCorkle, governor of West Virginia
- May 15 - Williamina Fleming, astronomer († 1911)
- May 31 - Pope Pius XI († 1939)
- July 23 - Carl Meinhof († 1944) German linguist
- July 30 - Thorstein Veblen, economist († 1929)
- September 5 - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, scientist, inventor († 1935)
- September 13 - Milton S. Hershey, founder of the Hershey Chocolate Company
- September 13 - Michał Drzymała, famous Polish peasant fighting with German bureaucracy (d. 1937)
- November 26 - Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist
- November 28 - Alfonso XII of Spain, later one of the Kings of Spain
- November 30 - Bobby Abel, diminutive Surrey and England batsman (d. 1936)
- December 3 - Joseph Conrad, Polish/British novelist (Heart of Darkness)
- Joseph Tabrar, one of the most famous songwriters of British Music Hall
- John Jacob Abel - American pharmacologist.
Deaths - February 10 - David Thompson, British-Canadian explorer, the first European to explore Columbia River from source to mouth.
- May 11 - Eugne Franois Vidocq, French criminal, first director of Surete Nationale and founder of the earliest known private detective agency.
- May 23 - Augustin Louis Cauchy, French mathematician.
- July 19 - Stefano Franscini, member of the Swiss Federal Council (* 1796)
- September 3 - John McLoughlin, Hudson's Bay Company Factor.
- November 26 - Joseph von Eichendorff, lyricist and narrator.
- December 15 - Sir George Cayley, English aviation pioneer.
- Johann Georg Hiedler, step-father of Alois Hitler
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