1822 In Science

Geology

• Friedrich Mohs introduces his system of classifying minerals and his scale of mineral hardness
• Georges Cuvier established new standards and methods in stratigraphy and palaeontology
• Gideon Mantell discovers the first fossil of the iguanodon
• John Phillips and William Conybeare identify the Carboniferous Period
• Omalius d'Halloy identifies the Cretaceous Period. He also proposed the Jurassic System

Mathematics

• Charles Babbage begins construction of his difference machine, a device for calculating logarithms and trigonometric functions

Awards

• Copley Medal: William Buckland

Births

• January 2 - Rudolf Clausius (d. 1888), physicist.
• January 6 - Heinrich Schliemann (d. 1890), German archaeologist.
• February 16 - Sir Francis Galton (d. 1911), explorer and biologist.
• May 11 - Henry Baker Tristram (d. 1906), ornithologist.
• July 22 - Gregor Mendel (d. 1884), geneticist.
• December 27 - Louis Pasteur (d. 1895), biologist.

Deaths

• August 25 - William Herschel (b. 1738), astronomer.
• November 6 - Claude Louis Berthollet (b. 1748), chemist.

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