data point, datum - an item of factual information derived from measurement or research

statistics - a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

average, norm - a statistic describing the location of a distribution; "it set the norm for American homes"

demographic - a statistic characterizing human populations (or segments of human populations broken down by age or sex or income etc.)

deviation - the difference between an observed value and the expected value of a variable or function

moment - the n-th moment of a distribution is the expected value of the n-th power of the deviations from a fixed value

distribution free statistic, nonparametric statistic - a statistic computed without knowledge of the form or the parameters of the distribution from which observations are drawn

parametric statistic - any statistic computed by procedures that assume the data were drawn from a particular distribution

time series - a series of values of a variable at successive times

vital statistics - data relating to births and deaths and health and diseases and marriages