philosopher - a specialist in philosophy

botany, phytology - the branch of biology that studies plants

zoological science, zoology - the branch of biology that studies animals

biologist, life scientist - (biology) a scientist who studies living organisms

Agassiz, Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz, Louis Agassiz - United States naturalist (born in Switzerland) who studied fossil fish; recognized geological evidence that ice ages had occurred in North America (1807-1873)

Andrews, Roy Chapman Andrews - United States naturalist who contributed to paleontology and geology (1884-1960)

Baron Georges Cuvier, Cuvier, Georges Cuvier, Georges Leopold Chretien Frederic Dagobert Cuvier - French naturalist known as the father of comparative anatomy (1769-1832)

Charles Darwin, Charles Robert Darwin, Darwin - English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

Gesner, Konrad von Gesner - Swiss naturalist who was one of the founders of modern zoology (1516-1565)

W. H. Hudson, William Henry Hudson, Hudson - English naturalist (born in Argentina) (1841-1922)

Baron Alexander von Humboldt, Baron Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt, Humboldt - German naturalist who explored Central and South America and provided a comprehensive description of the physical universe (1769-1859)

Chevalier de Lamarck, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, Lamarck - French naturalist who proposed that evolution resulted from the inheritance of acquired characteristics (1744-1829)

John Muir, Muir - United States naturalist (born in England) who advocated the creation of national parks (1838-1914)

Lorenz Oken, Lorenz Okenfuss, Oken, Okenfuss - German naturalist whose speculations that plants and animals are made up of tiny living `infusoria' led to the cell theory (1779-1851)

Georg Wilhelm Steller, Steller - German naturalist (1709-1746)

Jan Swammerdam, Swammerdam - Dutch naturalist and microscopist who proposed a classification of insects and who was among the first to recognize cells in animals and was the first to see red blood cells (1637-1680)

Alfred Russel Wallace, Wallace - English naturalist who formulated a concept of evolution that resembled Charles Darwin's (1823-1913)