geology - a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks

earthquake, quake, seism, temblor - shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity

natural phenomenon - all non-artificial phenomena

endogeny - a geological phenomenon below the surface of the earth

alluvial cone, alluvial fan - a fan-shaped deposit where a fast flowing stream flattens out

cataclysm, catastrophe - a sudden violent change in the earth's surface

continental drift - the gradual movement and formation of continents (as described by plate tectonics)

alluviation, deposit, sedimentation - the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating

flood, inundation, alluvion, deluge - the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto normally dry land; "plains fertilized by annual inundations"

frost heave, frost heaving - upthrust of ground or pavement caused by the freezing of moist soil

transgression - the spreading of the sea over land as evidenced by the deposition of marine strata over terrestrial strata

volcanism - the phenomena associated with volcanic activity