atrium - the central area in a building; open to the sky

bailey - the outer courtyard of a castle

building, edifice - a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place; "there was a three-story building on the corner"; "it was an imposing edifice"

cloister - a courtyard with covered walks (as in religious institutions)

forecourt - the outer or front court of a building or of a group of buildings

parvis - a courtyard or portico in front of a building (especially a cathedral)

curtilage, grounds, yard - the enclosed land around a house or other building; "it was a small house with almost no yard"