| Noun | 1. | Babylonia - an ancient kingdom in southern Mesopotamia; Babylonia conquered Israel in the 6th century BC and exiled the Jews to Babylon (where the Daniel became a counselor to the king)battle of Cunaxa, Cunaxa - battle in 401 BC when the Artaxerxes II defeated his younger brother who tried to usurp the throne Al-Iraq, Irak, Iraq, Republic of Iraq - a republic in the Middle East in western Asia; the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was in the area now known as Iraq; modern government is involved in state-sponsored terrorism Mesopotamia - the land between the Tigris and Euphrates; site of several ancient civilizations; part of what is now known as Iraq Babylon - the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capitol of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia Sumer - an area in the southern region of Babylonia in present-day Iraq; site of the Sumerian civilization of city-states that flowered during the third millennium BC | |